ESPEYB15 3 Thyroid ATA Scientific statement (1 abstracts)
3.14 American Thyroid Association Scientific Statement on the use of potassium iodide ingestion in a nuclear emergency
Leung AM , Bauer AJ , Benvenga S , Brenner AV , Hennessey JV , Hurley JR , Milan SA , Schneider AB , Sundaram K & Toft DJ
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
To read the full abstract: Thyroid 2017;27:865-877
This very complete paper reviews all available knowledge and information on three main aspects of a nuclear emergency and prevention of thyroid cancer by ingestion of potassium iodide: geographical, legal, logistic and communication aspects are discussed for an optimal protection of the population at risk in case of nuclear emergency. Further, health effects of radioactive iodine (131I) for thyroid disease are discussed in detail. Of special interest are the potential routes of 131I isotope exposure, such as inhalation of radioactive gases, and ingestion of 131I by directly contaminated food (vegetables), or uptake of accumulated 131I in meat or milk from cows, that ingested contaminated pasture grasses. All information rely on experiences and studies after three major nuclear accidents: Three Mile Island (1979), Chernobyl (1986), and Fukushima (2011) comparing radiation doses and other relevant parameters of nuclear contamination. Finally, the evidence for potential benefit, the necessary doses, and potential side effects are presented in detail. This is an important and comprehensive statement of the American Thyroid Association (ATA), especially for populations living in the proximity of nuclear plants.
Volume 15
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ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology
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