ESPEYB19 1. Pituitary and Neuroendocrinology Basic Science and Stem Cells (4 abstracts)
1.4. Pituitary stem cells produce paracrine WNT signals to control the expansion of their descendant progenitor cells
John P Russell , Xinhong Lim , Alice Santambrogio , Val Yianni , Yasmine Kemkem , Bruce Wang , Matthew Fish , Scott Haston , Anae¨lle Grabek , Shirleen Hallang , Emily J Lodge , Amanda L Patist , Andreas Schedl , Patrice Mollard , Roel Nusse & Cynthia L Andoniadou
Elife. 2021 Jan. 10:e59142. doi: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.59142.
Brief Summary: The authors studied genetic mice models to show that pituitary stem cells can secrete WNT ligands to their committed progeny and promote their expansion.
The anterior pituitary contains a population of Sox2 expressing stem cells (Sox2+ PSCs), which self-renew and give rise to lineage-committed progenitors and functional endocrine cells. The WNT pathway is upregulated during growth and regeneration, which raises the question about the relationship between Sox2+ PSCs and Wnt signaling.
Using the WNT signaling activity reporter mice line, the authors noticed that all the different cell types of the anterior pituitary are WNT-responsive. Through lineage tracing, they found that activation of the WNT pathway is necessary for the expansion of the pituitary populations. By checking the gene expression profiles of Sox2+ and Sox2- cells, they found that Sox2+ PSCs express WNT ligands as well as essential components regulating activation of the WNT pathway. Furthermore, they used another genetic mouse model to block WNT secretion specifically in Sox2+ PSCs, and found that it reduced the proliferation of pituitary cells.
This study discovered a novel function of Sox2+ PSCs to drive the expansion of committed progenitors through secreting WNT ligands and is of relevance to understanding development, disease, regeneration, aging, and cancer of the pituitary gland.
Volume 19
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ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology
ISSN 1662-4009 (Online)
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