ESPEYB19 12. Type 2 Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Lipids New data on complications of children with T2DM (3 abstracts)
12.4. Insulinopathies of the brain? Genetic overlap between somatic insulin-related and neuropsychiatric disorders
Fanelli G , Franke B , De Witte W , Ruisch IH , Haavik J , van Gils V , Jansen WJ , Vos SJB , Lind L , Buitelaar JK , Banaschewski T , Dalsgaard S , Serretti A , Mota NR , Poelmans G & Bralten J.
Translational psychiatry 2022;12(1):59. doi: 10.1038/s41398-022-01817-0
Brief Summary: This population genetics study explored pairwise genome-wide genetic correlations between neuropsychiatric disorders with insulin-related somatic diseases and traits. There were likely protective effects of obsessive-compulsive disorder and anorexia nervosa on the risks of having MetS, obesity and T2DM; in contrast there were positive effects of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and major depressive disorders on these metabolic conditions.
Comment: Increased prevalences of insulin-related diseases, namely obesity, the MetS and T2DM, are observed among individuals with neuropsychiatric disorders. Epidemiological data are strongest for Alzheimer’s disease, autism spectrum disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Insulin resistance, a core feature of the MetS and T2DM, is emerging as a potentially important feature in neuropsychiatric disorders. Indeed, insulin receptors are expressed in all cell types in the brain, with widespread distribution of these receptors. This suggests that insulin signaling has essential and diverse roles in the brain.
This genetic study investigated the contributions of insulin resistance-related traits and diseases to neuropsychiatric diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, autism spectrum disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and ADHD, anorexia nervosa, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. Two clusters of neuropsychiatric disorders and insulin-related traits were detected. One was a likely protective effect of the underlying genetics in OCD and anorexia nervosa on the chances of having the MetS, obesity and T2DM. On the other hand, a positive genetic overlap was observed of insulin-related diseases and traits with ADHD.
Interestingly, no correlations were observed of Alzheimer’s disease with somatic insulin-related diseases. For Alzheimer’s disease, this may suggest a predominant influence of environmental and epigenetic factors in the comorbidity observed in epidemiological studies rather than genetic factors.
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ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology
ISSN 1662-4009 (Online)
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