ESPEYB19 3. Thyroid Autoimmune Thyroid Disease (2 abstracts)
3.11. Lymphocyte infiltration and thyrocyte destruction are driven by stromal and immune cell components in Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Zhang QY , Ye XP , Zhou Z , Zhu CF , Li R , Fang Y , Zhang RJ , Li L , Liu W , Wang Z , Song SY , Lu SY , Zhao SX , Lin JN & Song HD
Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 9;13(1):775. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28120-2. PMID: 35140214
Brief Summary: This in vitro study identified interactions between distinct cell populations of the thyroid gland and immune cells in the context of Hashimoto thyroiditis. The authors provide important new insights into the pathological mechanism of Hashimoto thyroiditis by characterizing the stromal microenvironment promoting lymphocyte infiltration, and immune cell subpopulations involved in thyrocyte destruction.
The authors used single cell-RNA sequencing of thyroid tissue and peripheral mononuclear cells of patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis to analyze the cells participating in the stromal microenvironment of the thyroid gland. They identified 3 distinct cell populations (ACKR1+ endothelial cells, CCL21+ fibroblasts, and CCL21+ myofibroblasts) in the stromal microenvironment of the thyroid gland during Hashimoto thyroiditis. Further, they analyzed cell-cell communication based on ligand-receptor interactions between stromal cells and immune cells and revealed that the 3 stromal subpopulations than thyrocytes were responsible for promoting immune cell infiltration. Comparing immune cell populations of peripheral blood and thyroid, the authors observed inflammatory dendritic cells and macrophages being only present in the thyroid gland. These cells expressed high levels of IL-1beta, possibly promoting thyrocyte apoptosis.
In summary, these fundamental immunological studies provide an in-depth overview and extend our current knowledge on cellular interactions of thyrocytes, thyroid stromal cells and immune cells during Hashimoto thyroiditis [1,2].
References: 1. Discoveries in Thyroid Autoimmunity in the Past Century. McLachlan SM, Rapoport B. Thyroid. 2022 Jun 29. doi: 10.1089/thy.2022.0275. Online ahead of print. PMID: 35765927. 2. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: An update on pathogenic mechanisms, diagnostic protocols, therapeutic strategies, and potential malignant transformation. Ralli M, Angeletti D, Fiore M, D’Aguanno V, Lambiase A, Artico M, de Vincentiis M, Greco A. Autoimmun Rev. 2020 Oct;19(10):102649. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102649. Epub 2020 Aug 15. PMID: 32805423.
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ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology
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