ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Feb 18;13:837450. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.837450. PMID: 35250887.Brief Summary: This paper discusses the use of Pluripotent Stem Cell (PSC)-derived pancreatic islets (SC-islets) for studying the basic biology, molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potentials of patients with congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI). The availability of CHI patient islets opens new a...

Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2021. 10: p. CD004447 PMID: 34618915Brief Summary: This systematic review examined the effects of rhGH treatment in children with X-linked hypophosphatemia. Despite a significant improvement in height SDS from baseline, evidence from the 2 identified studies was limited to support its clinical use in these patients.X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is an inherited disorder of phosphate homeostasis...

To read the full abstract: Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2019 Jan;3(1):44–54.This article reviews cross-sectional, longitudinal and intervention studies regarding the bidirectional relationship between obesity and puberty.An increasing prevalence of obesity amongst children and adolescents is reported globally. Epidemiological cross-sectional and...

To read the full abstract: Diabetes Care 2018;41:1089-1096These findings show that a 1-SD increase in childhood BMI was associated with a 47–83% increased relative risk of T2DM and a 28% increased relative risk of CAD in adult life, yet childhood BMI was not associated with adult chronic kidney disease. This is the first study to examine the causal relationship between childhood BMI and cardio-...

Diabetes Care. 2022 Apr 1;45(4):871-879. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35147706/Brief Summary: This Finnish cross-sectional register-based study of 6015 youth with new onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) explored potential differences in clinical, autoimmune and genetic characteristics across three age groups: <7, 7-12 and ≥13 years. Significant differences emerged primarily between the...

To read the full abstract: Sci Rep. 2019 Jun 13;9(1):7727As outlined in paper 10.1, intrauterine and early neonatal infections with a number of viruses are thought to contribute to the incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1DM) later in life. Amongst the viruses to be considered, enteroviruses have been found to be the most important. It is therefore important to know whether vaccination against enteroviruses would reduce the incidence of autoimmune di...

To read the full abstract: Development 2017;144:3278-3288This article from Plazek’s laboratory describes a subpopulation of cells which express Fgf10 that are the precursors of the posterior pituitary gland. Importantly, these Fgf10 positive cells migrate rostrally to form the anterior hypothalamic region, but also migrate caudally to form the mammillary hypothalamic region. Cell lineage traci...

Brief summary: This review covers the recent advances in the understanding of fetal adrenal development and the interplay with the feto-placental unit. A short overview of related adrenal disorders is presented. The effect of other hormone systems is also discussed and the reliability of using rodent models to study adrenal pathophysiology.Structural development of the fetal adrenal and its transition to the adult organ: There are differ...

Diabetologia. 2021 Mar;64(3):630-640. doi: 10.1007/s00125-020-05346-7. PMID: 33404684.The derivation of iPSCs and their subsequent conversion to islet like clusters from a patient with diffuse CHI due to a homozygous mutation in the ABCC8 provided these authors a unique opportunity to study the molecular basis of CHI and to develop potential novel treatment options by screening...

Clinical Endocrinology. 2022; 96:220–226. PMID: 34596269Brief Summary: This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effects of testosterone and aromatase inhibitor treatment on anthropometric measures, and their correlation with estradiol and testosterone serum levels in boys with constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP), to elucidate the respective roles of the two sex steroid hormones on growth during puberty. The results sugge...