ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

To read the full abstract: PLoS One. 2019; 14(12): e0226753. PMID: 31869387.Glucocorticoids (cortisol in humans, corticosterone in most rodents) are steroid hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex into the systemic circulation in an ultradian, circadian, and stress-related fashion under the control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. These cholesterol-derived molecules partici...

To read the full abstract: Arch Dis Child. 2019 Dec;104(12):1138-1142. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2019-317590.Many effective drugs originated from traditional remedies. The 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Tu Youyou, whose work underpinned the development of the anti-malarial drug artemisinin by isolating the active ingredient of ‘Qinghao’, which ...

To read the full abstract: JAMA. 2019 Oct 15;322(15):1515–1517. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.12925.The authors merged data from separate national Swedish registers for births and obesity surgery and identified 2921 women who had a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery between 2007 to 2014 (‘cases’) and subsequent pregnancies. Controls were identified as women without bariatric surgery ...

To read the full abstract: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2019;104:5073–5083.On a similar theme to paper 15.12, these authors studied women with Turner syndrome (TS; n =200), age range 16–78 years, between 1995 and 2018 with a focus on the impact of growth hormone (GH) therapy on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL). Despite a mean 5.7 cm increase in expected height, GH therapy was not associated wit...

To read the full abstract: Pediatr Diabetes. 2018;19:1302–1308.Diabetes education includes nutritional education and the provision of practical guidelines as to the interrelation between insulin requirements and carbohydrate intake. Carbohydrate (CHO) counting has therefore been a recommended daily practice to help patients to manage blood glucose levels in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Ev...

To read the full abstract: JAMA Pediatr 2019; 173(5):493–494.This double-blind, randomized controlled trial, in 345 US women who smoked cigarettes during pregnancy, showed that high (4 mg/day) versus standard dose (0.8 mg/day) folic acid increased mean birth weight by 140 grams, had a 31% lower risk of having a SGA baby, and a 35% lower risk of fetal growt...

To read the full abstract: JAMA Pediatr 2019;173:160–168This paper describes a large population-based cohort of women in New Zealand who received metformin (n=1996 women) or insulin (n=1932) for treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). There were no differences between the two groups in any measure of offspring childhood hei...

To read the full abstract: JAMA Pediatr 2018;172:e180739.This randomised controlled trial of 1303 exclusively breastfed 3-month-old UK infants was primarily performed to test the impact of early introduction of solid foods, from age 3 months, on the risk of food allergies (1). Sleep was measured as a secondary trial outcome: the trial showed that early introduction of solids increa...

To read the full abstract: Elife 2018;7. pii: e33318Here, Cheung et al. use sophisticated tissue specific genetic ablation in pituitary cell lineages to uncover an unexpected differential sensitivity of NOTCH activation signalling pathway in different cell lineages during the embryonic murine pituitary development. These findings are important as they further demonstrate the importance of NOTCH pat...

To read the full abstract: Lancet 2018; 391(10133):1927-1938See comment on 13.7...