ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

To read the full abstract: EClinicalMedicine. 2020 Apr 30;22:100338. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100338.The gravitostat hypothesis was only recently proposed based on studies in rodents showing that the addition of external weights to the body limits the rate of weight gain, independent of leptin signalling. In rodents, this was achieved by inserting weighted balloons into the abdomina...

To read the full abstract: Pediatr Diabetes. 2018;19:1302–1308.Diabetes education includes nutritional education and the provision of practical guidelines as to the interrelation between insulin requirements and carbohydrate intake. Carbohydrate (CHO) counting has therefore been a recommended daily practice to help patients to manage blood glucose levels in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Ev...

To read the full abstract: Endocrinology. 2018 Jul 1;159(7):2676–2682.The authors compared the effects of leptin versus weight loading using intraperitoneal weighted capsules (‘gravitostat stimulation’) on changes in fat mass in mice. Leptin infusion suppressed body weight and fat mass in lean but not in overweight or obese mice. Weight loading decreased body weight in ove...

To read the full abstract: Endocr Rev 2018;39:3,333This review is interesting for several reasons. It focuses on a specific type of cells lining the wall of the third ventricle in the median eminence of the hypothalamus. This region acts both as a secretor of neuropeptides and as a sensor of the metabolic status of the periphery. These two functions imply a bidirectional physiological pathway: br...

To read the full abstract: Diabetes Care. 2018;41:326-332The question whether or not T1DM patients with low HbA1c levels, which are thought to characterize good metabolic control, in fact experience hypoglycemia and most importantly severe hypoglycemia more frequently than T1DM patients with high HbA1c levels and hence worse metabolic control has been discussed controversially. However, it is commonl...

To read the full abstract: Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2018; 6(2):95-104As non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are reaching epidemic levels, emerging data elucidate the devastating non-metabolic long-term risks of overweight, obesity and diabetes. Using published relative risk analysis and cancer incidence estimates from the GLOBOCAN project, the authors provide a thorough risk analysis of si...

To read the full abstract: Indian J Pediatr 2018; 85(6):440-447In 2017, the population of India was estimated at 1.28 billion. With a birth rate of 19/1000, it means that 24.4 million babies are born each year in India. More than half of the births take place at home, in particular in rural India. Assuming an incidence of 1:2500 for congenital hypothyroidism (CH), close to 10,000 babies are b...

To read the full abstract: Lancet 2017; 390(10113):2627-2642Over the past 10 years, the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has increased disproportionately in Africa, South East Asia, the Middle East and the Asia Pacific region. Interestingly, although we need more studies investigating the prevalence of T2DM in Latin America, the prevalence of T2DM in youth living in these countries do...

To read the full abstract: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018;115:E832-E840Women live longer than men in nearly all modern populations. They can expect to live longer than men almost anywhere in the world. This pervasive inequality has intrigued researchers for decades, and many conclude that the gap has biological foundations, which are modulated by social and environmental conditions.<p class=...

Sci Rep. 2020 Dec 9; 10: 21507. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33299020/This cross-sectional study of 246 childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (cALL) survivors aimed to analyze the relationships between various blood biomarkers and cardiovascular risk, and to test the link between endotoxemia and cardiometabolic complications. A high leptin-adiponectin ratio was associated with obesity, ...