ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

Science 2021;372(6544): 808–814 doi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abf7958Isreali et al. describe the molecular structure of the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) complexed with its effector G protein (Gs alpha) and setmelanotide, a pharmacological agonist of MC4R.MC4R is a known key element in body weight regulation, connecting response to leptin with inhibition o...

Metabolism. 2022 Apr;129:155141. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155141. Epub 2022 Jan 22. PMID: 35074314. https://www.metabolismjournal.com/article/S0026-0495(22)00019-1/fulltextBrief Summary: the authors used pharmacological and transgenic models to demonstrate the role of GRK2, G protein coupled-recept...

To read the full abstract: Cell 2019;177 (3):59–-607.e9. PMID 31002796.A recent GWAS showed that the heritability of thinness was comparable to that of obesity (1). Some loci showed effects across the entire BMI distribution. This is also true for variants in MC4R. The present study analyzed data on ˜0.5 million people from UK Biobank, with a focus on 61 nonsynonymous var...

Nat Commun. 2018 Dec 14;9(1):5319.doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-07784-9. PubMed [citation] PMID: 30552336Initial steps in the sex determination of the (human) testis depend on SRY regulating SOX9, but the exact mechanism that controls SOX9 expression remains unknown. These authors discovered four overlapping copy number variations (CNVs) upstr...

Brief summary: This longitudinal observational multicentre retrospective study, collected data on 95 young prepubertal or early pubertal girls (age >10.9 years, Tanner stage ≤2) with premature ovarian failure (POI) or hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH). Their hypogonadism was due to different causes and was treated with transdermal 17β-oestradiol, with a follow-up of at least 1 year. The study aimed to identify the most physiological and effective therapeutic sc...

Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2021 May;17(5):261–275 Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33727709/In brief: This article systematically reviews the current advances in the understanding of mineral metabolism with focus on the regulation of mineralization in skeletal tissue and inhibition of mineralization in non-skeletal tissue. This is mandatory reading for any aspiring endocrino...

Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020;168:108372. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108372Here, the Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology carried out a literature search in Medline and Embase and also Diabetes Societies websites until May 21st, 2020 for guidelines and recommendations on T1D management during the COVID-19 pandemic. They state that there is currently no evidenc...

To read the full abstract: J Clin Med. 2020 Feb 19;9(2). pii: E562. e_rochette@chu-clermontferrand.frThis 5-month prospective case-control study was designed to evaluate the impairment of metabolic response to exercise in 20 childhood acute leukaemia survivors (CALSs), by the analysis of substrate oxidation during submaximal exercise, in comparison with 20 matched healthy controls.<p cla...

To read the full abstract: Nat Commun. 2020;11(1):1841. Published 2020 Apr 15. doi: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32296068/This study by Kullmann et al. investigated the impact of brain insulin resistance on medium and long-term changes in body weight and body fat in adults at high risk for T2DM, undergoing a 24-months lifestyle intervention program (n =28 at the 24-mont...

To read the full abstract: Thyroid. 2019;29:595–606.Here, ultrastructural analysis of primary cilia in human thyroid follicles revealed a direct relationship between frequency and length of primary cilia and the functional state of the individual follicle in normal compared to hyperfunctioning thyroid tissues.Primary cilia are present in many different tissues...