ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

To read the full abstract: Pediatr Diabetes. 2018 Nov;19(7):1221–1228Despite good metabolic control some patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) may develop comorbidities early while others despite high HbA1c levels remain free of complications for long durations. Risk factors for T1D complications are both of intrinsic (e.g. genetic) and extrinsic (e.g. environmental) origin. Amongst t...

To read the full abstract: JAMA Pediatr 2019;173:160–168This paper describes a large population-based cohort of women in New Zealand who received metformin (n=1996 women) or insulin (n=1932) for treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). There were no differences between the two groups in any measure of offspring childhood hei...

To read the full abstract: JAMA Pediatr 2018;172:e180739.This randomised controlled trial of 1303 exclusively breastfed 3-month-old UK infants was primarily performed to test the impact of early introduction of solid foods, from age 3 months, on the risk of food allergies (1). Sleep was measured as a secondary trial outcome: the trial showed that early introduction of solids increa...

To read the full abstract: Development 2017; 144:3533-3546Endochondral ossification is the process by which the embryonic cartilaginous scaffold of most bones is gradually replaced by bone. During this process chondrocytes proliferate, undergo hypertrophy and maturation and form the growth plate, essential for bone growth. Postnatal bone growth is tightly regulated by both systemic and lo...

To read the full abstract: J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol. 2017;6:294-298The difficulties in defining obesity in childhood cancer survivors have been emphasised. In these patients, body mass index (BMI) has been confirmed to be a poor predictor of body fatness, because of their impaired linear growth, body composition changes (decreased lean mass and fat redistribution) and abdominal adiposity. Th...

To read the full abstract: Obesity 2018;26(4):776-781Here, Twig et al. shed light on an important, but not well investigated facet of the complex, multi-organ system chronic disease simply termed ‘obesity’. Using the large statistical power of this impressive, nation-wide database, the authors demonstrate high hazard ratios for obesity-related kidney mortality in a relatively young cohort...

To read the full abstract: J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017;102:4184-4190The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 has yielded remarkable data over the last decade. Firstly, they reported that first-trimester antibody positivity is a risk factor for perinatal death, which was not affected by thyroid hormone status. They reported that maternal thyroid dysfunction and TPO-Ab positivity during pregnancy mo...

To read the full abstract: Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2017; 5(8):622-667The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology Commission provides a comprehensive, evidence-based review of diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa, one of the most important emerging diseases and markers of the global epidemic of non-communicable diseases. The authors provide a detailed analysis of the significant knowledge gaps in t...

To read the full abstract: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2017:201711889Changing your diet can improve both your health and the environment. This study shows that the national dietary recommendations to reduce intakes of animal products can reduce environmental impacts in most high-income nations. We all recommended diets to our patients, and nations recommend diets to their po...

To read the full abstract: Lancet 2017;389:2473-2481We are all familiar with the ‘placebo’ effect, when the psychological anticipation of a ‘benefit’ of treatment is so strong that it adds to or even outweighs the actual physical benefits. Many doctors have even admitted to prescribing placebo tablets, or “sugar pills” to their patients, for exam...