ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

For this year’s chapter on ‘Adrenals’, we have searched the PubMed for articles on ‘adrenal’ or ‘steroidogenesis’ published in English between June 1, 2022 and May 31, 2023. Our search yielded more than 6,000 citations. We have examined all citations individually and selected the following collection of basic research and clinical articles. Whenever possible, we have avoided topics that have been discussed in the Yearbook 2022, unless progress in the field has been incremental. Emerging themes for this year’s chapter include: i) Loss of SUMO-specific protease 2 causes isolated glucocorticoid deficiency by blocking adrenal cortex zonal transdifferentiation in mice; ii) Circadian regulation of hippocampal function is disrupted with corticosteroid treatment; iii) Leukocyte telomere length is reduced in children with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia; iv) Metabotypes of CAH determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in spot urine; v) A polygenic risk score helps discriminate primary adrenal insufficiency of different etiologies; vi) Crinecerfont, a CRF1 Receptor Antagonist, lowers adrenal androgens in adolescents with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.