ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

t.palmer@ucl.ac.uk Pediatr Diabetes 2022; 23:19–32. doi: 10.1111/pedi.13277Brief Summary: The Changing Diabetes in Children (CDiC) program successfully established a stable supply of free insulin in implementing facilities for children living in Kenya and Bangladesh. However, the program also has limitations, including concerns over its sustainability.<...

To read the full abstract: J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2017;30:869-877Several previous studies had focused on the early risk of metabolic syndrome or its components in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), while fewer data are available on pubertal development in these subjects. The merit of this study was to carefully investigate growth and pubertal development in a large ...

To read the full abstract: Diabetes Care. 2018;41:128-135Renal damage and kidney failure are amongst the most detrimental co-morbidities of T1DM. In order to be able to prevent renal disease in the first place and treat progression of diabetic renal disease to kidney failure, the mechanisms that lead from high blood glucose levels to damage of the vascular bed of the glomerulus and to end stage renal...

Brief summary: Congenital central hypothyroidism is caused by thyrotropin deficiency, either isolated or in combination with other pituitary deficiencies. So far, mutations in five genes have been identified in patients with isolated thyrotropin deficiency: thyroid stimulating hormone subunit β (TSHβ), thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor (TRHR), immunoglobulin superfamily member 1 (IGSF1), transducin-like protein 1 (TBLX1), and ...

Brief summary: The potency of insulin decreases with increasing temperatures. This pilot study compared the concentration and structure of commonly used types of insulin when exposed to high temperatures for prolonged periods of time.Manufacturers are required to provide information on how insulin vials and cartridges should be kept by the patient. These recommendations assume that a working fridge is available and that the medicine can be protected from...

J Endocrinol. 2020 May;245(2):315–326. doi: 10.1530/JOE-20-0012. PMID: 32171178.As it is not possible to study the histology of the pancreas post-partum in humans, this study used a mouse model of mild glucose intolerance to assess the changes in pancreatic islets after post-partum and assess the impact of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Mice with glucose intolerance during pregnancy continue...

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020; 105(9): 3103–3107.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32629476/In this narrative review, the authors discuss the potential role of novel regenerative therapies for the treatment of adrenal insufficiency, including gene therapy and cell replacement strategies. More specifically, the authors discuss the heterogeneity in adrenal function in patients with Addison...

Lancet Glob Health 2020; 8: e1546–54. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30388-0– Hypoglycemia is associated with increased mortality in severely sick children. WHO recommends treatment of hypoglycemia for a blood glucose < 2.5 mmol/l– The authors hypothesized that increasing the threshold for the treatment of hypoglycemia from 2.5 to 5 mmol/l would reduce all cause in-hos...

Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 Mar 18;3(3):CD011027. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011027.pub3. PMID: 35302645.Brief Summary: This systematic review assessed the evidence for oral dextrose gel to treat hypoglycemia in newborns. Oral dextrose gel compared with placebo gel probably improved the correction of hypoglycaemic events and may result in a slight reduction in the risk of ma...

Sci Rep. 2021 Nov 3;11(1):21590. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-00939-7. PMID: 34732776.Brief Summary: This study describes the molecular and electrophysiological analysis of the cerebral network generated from cerebral organoids from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) on a patient with neonatal diabetes mellitus due to a KCNJ11 mutation. Some patients w...