ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

Brief summary: The authors developed a model to estimate the worldwide prevalence of Type 1 diabetes (T1D) in 2040. Compared to 2021, when an estimated 8.4 million individuals had T1D (including 18% < 20 years), the prevalent cases are expected to increase to 13.5–17.4 million in 2040, with the largest relative increase taking place in low- and middle-income countries.This model, using published data (available from only 97 countries worldwide) ...

Brief summary: Since 2014, children with DKA have been managed on the general ward (instead of the intensive care unit [ICU]) and with SC insulin (instead of IV insulin) at G Kuppuswamy Naidu Memorial Hospital in Coimbatore, India. This retrospective study compares the cost and outcomes of IV (2013–2014) and SC insulin treatment (2017).In high-income countries (HICs), DKA management commonly includes IV insulin. The 2022 ISPAD Clinical Practice Cons...

Brief summary: This retrospective study describes a marked increase in the survival of children and youth living with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) in Tanzania, before (1991–2004), during (2005–2010) and after (2011–2019) implementation of the Life For A Child (LFAC) and Changing Diabetes in Children (CDiC) programs.This article focuses specifically on diabetes-related mortality. It offers both a message of hope and a candid examination o...

Brief summary: The potency of insulin decreases with increasing temperatures. This pilot study compared the concentration and structure of commonly used types of insulin when exposed to high temperatures for prolonged periods of time.Manufacturers are required to provide information on how insulin vials and cartridges should be kept by the patient. These recommendations assume that a working fridge is available and that the medicine can be protected from...

Brief summary: The authors used data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 to examine the incidence, disability adjusted life years and mortality of early onset type 2 diabetes T2D) in those 15–39 years of age. This showed that early onset T2D is a growing global health problem in adolescents and young adults, particularly in low-middle- and middle-income countries.Early onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with longer lifetime exposure hyp...

Brief summary: This review article discusses the influence of genetics on type 1 diabetes (T1D), particularly with regard to differences across diverse genetic ancestries, and the development of validated genetic risk scores (GRS) for use various populations. These may contribute to disease prevention and treatment.The autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells is triggered by the interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. T1D ...

Brief summary: This review article draws on existing studies of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in sub-Saharan Africa, examining differences in phenotype, genetic susceptibility and rates of autoimmunity within this population. Lack of large prospective studies with well-standardized methodologies are noted in this population, making more definitive studies necessary.This article reviews studies reporting the clinical features of patients with T1D in sub-Saharan A...