ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

Brief summary: This study further explores the sex differences in autoimmune regulation and the control of normal inflammatory responses, and also helps us understand why there are sex differences in the aetiology of autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It demonstrates the changes that occur in cisgender pubertal development on the T regulatory cell (Treg), B cell and monocyte population, and using samples from transgender adolescents undergoing GnRH...

Brief summary: Genome-wide small hairpin RNA screening revealed a specialized role for the protein phospholipase D6 (PLD6) located at and highly expressed in the outer mitochondrial membrane of cells in steroidogenic organs. Here PLD6 promotes the entrance of LDL/LDLR complex into the mitochondria where LDL-carried cholesterol is released for steroid hormone biosynthesis.Thereby the mitochondrial redox-sensitive CISD2 protein was found to support the trafficking of the LDL/LDL...

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 19;107(5):1346-1356. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab932. PMID: 34971397.Brief Summary: This is a case report of a potentially new genetic disorder that causes hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycemia, protein sensitivity and high serum ammonia level (Hyperinsulinism/hyperammonemia syndrome (HI/HA) syndrome). Mutations in the solute the carrier family 25, member 36 (SLC25A36) may b...

Eur J Endocrinol. 2021 Nov 30;186(1):45-52. doi: 10.1530/EJE-20-1444. PMID: 34714772Brief Summary: This retrospective multicenter study examined the biochemical and neurocognitive outcomes of n=254 patients with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) at age 3 years, treated with either LT4 drops (n=117) or LT4 tablets (n=137). Overall, neurocognitive outcome was not different between the two treatment gr...

J Bone Miner Res. 2021 Nov;36(11):2193-2202Abstract: https://pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.proxy.kib.ki.se/34355424/In brief: Generalised arterial calcification of infancy (GACI) is clinically and genetically a heterogeneous disorder caused by mutations in ENPP1or ABCC6 variants. This multicentre study identified early mortality risk in GACI patients despite atte...

Reprod Sci. 2022 Jan;29(1):260-269. PMID: 33788173, doi: 10.1007/s43032-021-00561-y. Brief Summary: This study from Israel investigated semen samples from 26 transgender girls aged 14-18 years and notes a general reduction in semen quality parameters. Fertility counselling is mandatory in all transgender adolescents prior to considering hormone interventions, but in ...

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022; 107(1): 150-166. PMID: 34487152https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34487152/Brief Summary: This translational study determined the persistent visceral adipose tissue (VAT) transcriptomic alterations and epigenetic fingerprints induced by chronic hypercortisolism in patients with Cushing’s syndrome (CS) and in a reversible CS mouse model....

Translational psychiatry 2022;12(1):59. doi: 10.1038/s41398-022-01817-0Brief Summary: This population genetics study explored pairwise genome-wide genetic correlations between neuropsychiatric disorders with insulin-related somatic diseases and traits. There were likely protective effects of obsessive-compulsive disorder and anorexia nervosa on the risks of having MetS, obesity and T2DM; i...

Nat Metab. 2021;3(4):523-9. doi: 10.1038/s42255-021-00383-x.PubMed ID: 33846643Brief summary: this study of around 1000 adults administered standard breakfast meals and showed wide variability and continuously monitored glucose levels up to 3 h afterwards. Notably, those individuals with lower glucose levels at 2 to 3 h after meals reported higher levels of appetite and consumed hundreds m...

To read the full abstract: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019;104:5765–5779.It is not clear whether retesting is needed for a healthy cotwin of a twin pair discordant for congenital hypothyroidism (CH) at the first neonatal screening. Medda et al. retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 47 twin pairs discordant for CH at the first neonatal screening. On follow-up, 7 (15%) of cotwins who were initially negatively screened then tested positi...