ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

To read the full abstract: Nat Commun. 2020;11(1):1841. Published 2020 Apr 15. doi: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32296068/This study by Kullmann et al. investigated the impact of brain insulin resistance on medium and long-term changes in body weight and body fat in adults at high risk for T2DM, undergoing a 24-months lifestyle intervention program (n =28 at the 24-mont...

To read the full abstract: Lancet. 2020 Jan 25;395(10220):285-293. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32973-3.This randomised, placebo-controlled trial (‘ASPIRIN’) in 11,976 nulliparous women in six low or middle-income countries (India, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guatemala, Kenya, Pakistan, and Zambia) found that low-dose aspirin (81 mg daily from early pregnancy) reduced t...

To read the full abstract: This genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 16,992 cases of anorexia nervosa and 55 525 controls identified 8 significant loci. The findings show that the genetic architecture of anorexia nervosa mirrors its clinical features, showing significant genetic correlations with psychiatric disorders (obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia), physical activity, and metabolic (including glycemic), lipid and anthropometric trait...

To read the full abstract: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019;104:3287-3295.The current definition of idiopathic short stature (ISS) refers to a heterogeneous group of short children, in the absence of any underlying detectable cause, including both normal variants of growth and pathological conditions. ISS subjects have been reported to reach an average final height of −1.5 SDS in boys...

Abstract: Mol. Ther. 2019;27:673–680.In brief: The authors developed a fusion protein containing a cartilage-targeting antibody fragment and Insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf1) and demonstrate that it can stimulate growth plate cartilage at lower and less frequent doses than Igf1. This is a novel approach that paves the way for the development of tissue-specific target...

Abstract: FASEB J. 2019;33:4962–4974.In brief: Glucocorticoid-induced growth impairment is reverted by the mitochondrial peptide humanin in dexamethasone-treated mice without attenuation of anti-inflammatory effects.Comment: Humanin (HN) is a 24 aminoacid peptide that was originally discovered as a neuroprotective factor and later shown ...

Abstract: Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2019 Feb;7(2):93–105.In brief: The study reports outcomes of a single-arm 7-year phase 2 extension trial of Asfotase alfa for infants and children with life-threatening hypophosphatasia who received a median of 6·6 years of therapy. The early improvements previously reported were sustained for up to 7 years of treatment.<p class...

Abstract: PLoS Biol. 2018 Jul 23;16(7):e2005263.In brief: In this article, Lui et al, make important observations related to the fundamental limits of longitudinal bone growth implicating the growth plate senescence program as a major regulator of bone size.Comment: A person’s right and left arms almost always grow to the same length, bu...

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Feb 1;104(2):390–396.doi: 10.1210/jc.2018-01105. PubMed PMID: 30247609.Polymorphisms in sex hormone genes have been described in gender dysphoric individuals with inconsistent findings. In this case-control study of 380 trans women and 344 control males, functional variants in 12 sex hormone signaling genes were studied. Significant a...

To read the full abstract: Int J Obes 2019; 43(2): 384–91Studies regarding brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity in children are scarce due to the difficulties in detecting BAT by imaging and the need for elaborate techniques to measure BAT activity. Here, prepubertal children born small for gestational age (SGA, n=41) and children born appropriate for gestational age (AGA, <...