ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

Nat Commun. 2020 Aug 13;11(1):4063. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-17890-2. PMID: 32792525.These researchers proposed the heterogeneity of hypothalamic neural progenitor cells. Other than traditional hypothalamic radial glial (hRG) cells, which are predominantly located in the ventricular zone, there are additional basal progenitors in the mantle zone, which are named as hypothalamic mantle zo...

In Brief: This phase 2 study investigated the effect of the RANKL inhibitor denosumab on fibrous dysplasia lesion activity, as well as the rebound in bone turnover after treatment discontinuation.Commentary: Denosumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that inhibits RANKL with potent but transient antiosteoclastic effects, and discontinuation of denosumab treatment is associated with a rebound in bone turnover. In this study, eight women received high do...

To read the full abstract: Cell Rep 2019; 27(5): 1528–40These authors used FACS cell sorting, gene expression profiling, and metabolic and proteomic analyses to identify three distinct adipocyte progenitor cell (APCs) subtypes that reside in human white adipose tissues. Although they retain comparable differentiation capacity, they have different molecular profiles and give rise to ...

Brief summary: This cross-sectional study provided evidence regarding the usefulness of serum IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratio as a marker for the diagnosis of GHD in children.Diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is still challenging, due to the insufficient specificity of GH stimulation tests. Serum IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and their combination have been proposed as an alternative to GH stimulation tests. However, despite relatively high specificity, their validity ...

Preface: Globally, new incidences of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in children and adolescents were estimated as 41 600 in 2021. The first report of a cohort of prepubertal children with T2DM confirms increased prevalence of severe obesity and insulin resistance. The spreading of T2DM worldwide and in young children is seriously alarming. Thirteen years, on average, after initial diagnoses of T2DM, incidence rates for hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetic kidney disease and retinopath...

Sci Transl Med. 2022 Apr 6;14(639):eabj9625; PMID 35385337 doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abj9625https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scitranslmed.abj9625Brief Summary: This international study, led by Dr. Stephens Williams from Boulder, Colorado, USA, developed a surrogate biomarker from 27 circulating proteins to predict ...

Preface: The spread of next generation sequencing (NGS) together with the progressive reduction in its cost has led to a broader application of this approach in children with short stature. We have selected a number of papers describing new gene mutations associated with familial short stature, Silver-Russell-like syndrome and syndromic short stature. The roles of IGF-I in the work-up of short stature, GH dose titration, cognitive function, predicting final height, supporting ...

To read the full abstract: Endocrinology 2019;160:1323–1332.Elevated prolactin levels suppress pulsatile release of GnRH from the hypothalamus, with a consequent reduction in pulsatile LH secretion from the pituitary. In this paper, the authors showed in mice that kisspeptin neurons located in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) respond to prolactin and conditional knockout of the prolactin r...

Abstract: Endocrinology. 2018 Mar 1;159(3):1469–1478.In brief: In this article, a combination of microdissection, miroRNA profiling and transfection studies identify 3 microRNAs that are highly expressed in the proliferative zone and appear to be down-stream mediators of PTHrP signaling in the growth plate.Comment: In the growth plate, P...

kathrin.landgraf@medizin.uni-leipzig.de JCEM 2022; 107(2): e836–e851https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34448000Brief Summary: This study investigated the association of the novel adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) markers Mesenchymal Stem cell Antigen 1 (MSCA1) and CD36 with adipose tissue function in samples collected from children...