ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

In Brief: These authors studied liver-specific SIRT2 knockout mice to examine how loss of hepatocyte SIRT2 (Sirtuin 2) prevents bone loss in aged mice. Hepatocyte SIRT2 deficiency led to upregulation of Leucine rich α2 glycoprotein (LRG1) in hepatocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) which inhibited osteoclastogenesis in bone marrow.Commentary: Liver-bone communication has been implicated in bone homeostasis. P...

In Brief: Current dogma is that lymphatic vessels are absent in bone and bone marrow. Using advanced 3D-imaging and mouse genetics, these authors show the presence of lymph vessels in bone. Moreover, they show that genotoxic stress causes lymph vessels expansion and lymphangiogenesis in bone, which in turn promotes bone and hematopoietic regeneration.Commentary: The lymphatic system maintains fluid homeostasis, removes cellular waste products and produce...

In Brief: This comprehensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified over 20 000 loci associated with adult height. This groundbreaking research revealed that up to 21% of the human genome can be linked to variation in human height, providing a deeper understanding of the complex regulation of human height.Commentary: This one of the largest GWAS to date involving 5.4 million individuals. It discovered 12 111 independent SNPs associated with adul...

In Brief: The authors use cell-tracing of Axin2-positive chondroprogenitor cells in the resting zone during and after food restriction to demonstrate that nutrient availability influences the balance between accumulation and differentiation of resting zone chondrocytes and that this is influenced by Igf-1.Commentary: Catch-up growth is the rapid growth that occurs after growth-inhibiting conditions have been cured or removed. The molecular mechanism for ...

In Brief: The authors use cell tracing approaches in a PRMT5flox/Δ Ctsk-Cre strain to label periosteal stem cells (PSCs) and show that PSCs are not only essential for intramembranous bone formation but also for endochondral bone formation. The study identifies the role of PSC derived indian hedgehog (Ihh) in maintaining growth plate homeostasis and postnatal skeletal growth.Commentary: The skeleton harbors stem cells in three independent ...

In Brief: Growth plate and articular cartilage have similar structures composed of distinct chondrocyte layers but they differ substantially with respect to their function and fate. This study combines transplantation experiments with cell tracing in rat with in vitrostudies to identify a novel mechanism by which synoviocytes act directly on chondrocytes to suppress endochondral and promote articular cartilage at the joint surface.Commentary: Gr...