ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

To read the full abstract: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017; 114(31): E6466-E6474Cortisol production is tightly regulated in a dynamic way within the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal system, which seems further embedded in a wider steroidogenic regulatory network (SRN). Normally, the connection from ACTH to cortisol production is in line with the HPA axis, but there are stressful events, in which t...

To read the full abstract: Diabetes Care. 2017;40:1614-1621See comment on 10.10...

To read the full abstract: Diabetes Care. 2020 Mar;43(3):526–533. doi: 10.2337/dc19-1013. Epub 2020 Jan 13. PMID:31932458Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is defined as diabetes that develops in the first 6 months of age. In Western countries, the most common causes of NDM are activating mutations in the KCNJ11/ABCC8 genes. Neurological dysfunction is also common (up to 30%) in pati...

To read the full abstract: This genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 16,992 cases of anorexia nervosa and 55 525 controls identified 8 significant loci. The findings show that the genetic architecture of anorexia nervosa mirrors its clinical features, showing significant genetic correlations with psychiatric disorders (obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia), physical activity, and metabolic (including glycemic), lipid and anthropometric trait...

Abstract: PLoS Biol. 2018 Jul 23;16(7):e2005263.In brief: In this article, Lui et al, make important observations related to the fundamental limits of longitudinal bone growth implicating the growth plate senescence program as a major regulator of bone size.Comment: A person’s right and left arms almost always grow to the same length, bu...

Pediatr Diabetes. 2018 May 15. doi: 10.1111/pedi.12691There is a small but significant debate as to whether or not type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are the same disease with albeit different course. It might therefore be prudent to include into a chapter on T1D a publication on T2D. This study aimed to describe recent medication patterns and changes in medication patterns and glycemic con...

To read the full abstract: Development 2017;144:3289-3302Aberrant development of the anterior pituitary can lead to congenital hypopituitarism (CH) in humans and hence understanding how this organ develops is critical to understand CH. The anterior pituitary develops in intimate contact with the prospective hypothalamus, which secretes growth factors that are required for the pituitary gland to grow...

To read the full abstract: Radiology 2018:171170Current American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines recommend the application of adult ultrasound criteria to classify thyroid nodules in children and adolescents1. However, few studies have evaluated the sonographic and demographic features that could predict malignancy in a large cohort of young patients with thyroid nodules.</p...

To read the full abstract: Thyroid 2017;27:865-877This very complete paper reviews all available knowledge and information on three main aspects of a nuclear emergency and prevention of thyroid cancer by ingestion of potassium iodide: geographical, legal, logistic and communication aspects are discussed for an optimal protection of the population at risk in case of nuclear emergenc...

To read the full abstract: Nature Communications 2018;9:1544Obesity prevalence is generally higher in women than in men, and there is also a sex difference in body fat distribution. Sex differences in obesity can be explained in part by the influence of gonadal steroids on body composition and appetite; however, behavioural, and socio-cultural factors may also play a role. Here is th...